Pancreatitis is an inflammation of the pancreas. Pathology occurs in acute and chronic forms. The condition has quite specific symptoms: severe pain in the left hypochondrium, sometimes with a waist character, fetid stools, nausea and vomiting.
The diet for pancreatic pancreatitis is one of the main areas of treatment of the pathology. The menu of the patient depends on the general state of health and the period of the disease. It is necessary to adhere to medical nutrition for several months.
General principles
Nutrition for pancreatitis of the pancreas should be moderate. Basic principles of the diet:
- fractional nutrition - food should be taken five to six times a day in small portions;
- dishes need to be crushed, which facilitates the process of digestion of food;
- allowed cooking methods are steaming and boiling;
- fresh vegetables and fruits are completely prohibited, that is, not cooked;
- the allowable daily volume of salt is not more than 5 grams;
- it is mandatory to take infusions and decoctions on rosehip berries;
- dishes served at the table should be warm; heat and cold are contraindicated;
- preservation, semi-finished products, fatty / fried / very salty foods and products are completely prohibited.
Deviation from the principles of dietary nutrition can provoke the development of an attack of pancreatitis.
Products allowed and prohibited
To reduce the production of pancreatic juice and reduce the load on the inflamed gland, it is necessary to completely exclude from the patient's diet:
- Soups cooked in rich meat, fish and mushroom broths, as well as complex soups - cabbage soup, pickles, borscht. Dairy and cold products are excluded.
- Bread - Today's wheat / rye flour baked goods, puff pastries and cakes, butter-fried cakes, tortillas.
- Fatty meats - pork, lamb, duck, goose - sausages, offal, preserved and smoked.
- A fish. Fat, smoked, salty varieties are prohibited.
- Dairy products and high-fat lactic acid.
- Grains: millet, pearl barley, wheat, corn.
- Fried and hard-boiled eggs.
- Vegetables: turnip, radish, garlic, bell pepper, eggplant, cabbage, spinach.
- Sweets: jam, ice cream, fresh dates, grapes, bananas, figs.
- Spicy seasonings.
- Coffee, strong tea, coffee, soft drinks, grape juice.
- Refractory fats: pork, beef, lamb.
When developing a menu for every day, it is necessary to take into account the recommendations of nutritionists and use only approved products. That:
- dry bread, cookies, homemade crackers;
- vegetarian soups with the addition of vegetable puree: potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, carrots - noodles, semolina or oatmeal;
- lean meats (chicken, rabbit, turkey) in the form of steamed cutlets, soufflé, meatballs, beef stroganoff;
- low-fat varieties of fish: pollock, carp, cod;
- cereals (oats, semolina, rice) are used to make cereals, stews, puddings;
- low-fat dairy and lactic acid products;
- steamed omelette without yolks;
- vegetables: potatoes, zucchini, beets, pumpkin, cauliflower, carrots, peas;
- sweet berries and fruits in the form of mousses, jellies, puddings, baked apples;
- sauces - dairy and cooked in vegetable broth (when using flour, the latter is not sautéed);
- butter and vegetable oil;
- weak tea with lemon, still mineral water, rosehip decoction, juices diluted with water.
Diet for acute pancreatitis
If we talk about what kind of diet is recommended for the patient with an acute form of inflammation, then this is the 5P treatment table. For the first two to four days, it is recommended that a person be totally hungry. Only liquid intake is allowed: a decoction of rosehip berries, Borjomi (without gas), weak tea. Then the patient switches to nutritional therapy. The menu can include dishes without salt, but rich in carbohydrates.
An approximate list of dishes that can be included in the menu:
- steamed omelette on protein;
- meat souffle;
- meat and fish meatballs;
- pureed soups (rice and oatmeal) and vegetarian options;
- vegetable purees;
- pureed oats: rice, buckwheat, oats;
- apples in jelly or mousse form;
- berry fruit drinks of wild roses, blueberries, black currants;
- tea with the addition of milk;
- cottage cheese and dishes from it;
- cereal puddings.
Before going to bed, you can offer kefir, yogurt, a glass of water with a tablespoon of honey dissolved in it, prunes and raisins.
Approximate weekly menu
When drawing up a menu for a week, it should be remembered that the patient's diet should be varied. When developing a menu for a patient throughout the week, you can use the following recommendations.
Breakfast can be served with a salad of boiled beet and dried fruit compote, 150 grams of low-fat cottage cheese and a decoction of rosehip berries, a steam omelette without yolks, soft tea with biscuits, grated oatmeal and gelatin of berries, pumpkin porridge, rosehip drink, cheese with crackers, rosehip broth, pureed buckwheat porridge, compote.
Second breakfast: well-boiled rice porridge with steamed raisins, carrot salad with vegetable oil, apple stuffed with dried apricots and baked in the oven, pumpkin and carrot puree, boiled beets, baked apple with sugar.
For lunch, vegetarian soups are allowed, for example, borscht, boiled fish garnished with well-boiled rice, boiled beef, cottage cheese casserole, steamed chicken cutlet, pasta with boiled minced meat, stir-fry. Snack Options: Allowed fruit jelly, veggie muffin, fresh berry jelly, fruit pudding, baked potatoes, buttered sandwiches and a slice of cheese, bean puree.
Dinner: Baked applesauce and skimmed yogurt, rice porridge with raisins, varenets, vinaigrette and yogurt, steamed cauliflower, a glass of yogurt, zucchini caviar, kefir, steamed omelette, fermented baked milk, porridge pudding rice and low-fat yogurt.
By alternating dishes, you can create a weekly "tasty" menu that will provide the patient's body with all the necessary substances, but at the same time the pancreas will receive a minimal nutritional load. You can find recipes for some dishes below.
Nutrition for the combined course of pancreatitis with gastritis or cholecystitis.
If the underlying disease is accompanied by the development of cholecystitis, then the menu may include:
- slimy soups made from rice, oatmeal, or semolina;
- oatmeal puree, boiled in water, it is strictly forbidden to add milk and butter;
- vegetable juices, compotes;
- homemade white bread croutons;
- boiled meat puree, fish;
- low-fat cottage cheese.
With a combined course of pancreatitis and gastritis, the menu should include crushed oatmeal, rice and semolina soups, to which you can add egg yolk and a little butter, pureed vegetables (potatoes, carrots, beets) with the addition of milk or cream. , steamed souffles, cutlets, etc. Minced meat and fish meatballs.
The strict option is recommended only during the acute period of the disease. After stabilization of the condition, the person switches to a diet recommended for chronic pancreatitis.
Features of the diet in childhood
The guiding principles of the diet in children are fragmentation, the maximum degree of grinding, compliance with the requirements of culinary processing and variety. Small portions, if served frequently, keep your child from feeling hungry. In this case, there is no violation of the metabolic process.
The daily calorie intake is calculated based on the weight and age of the child. At the stage of remission, the menu may include fresh vegetables and fruits (to some extent), but the basis of the diet is cereals with milk, minced meat dishes - chicken, turkey, vegetable soups without adding meat, fish: boiled or baked vegetables, dairy products. In small quantities and daily, it is allowed to give the child marshmallows, jam, jam, jam, honey.
Important!When introducing a new product into the diet, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the child.
Recipes
We offer you several recipes for dishes that can be prepared with diagnosed pancreatitis.
Beef pudding
Blend the boiled beef pulp (130 g) in a blender. Add semolina (10g), beaten egg white, yolk and a little water (about 1/3 cup) to the puree. Add a few crystals of salt. Grease the mold with oil, put the prepared minced meat and cook in a bain-marie.
Fish meatballs
Grind the lean fish (300 g) in a meat grinder. Grind a quarter of the dry bread and pour the pieces with milk (100 ml). Squeeze the bread and mix it with the minced meat, add a couple of whipped proteins. Add salt and mix well. Form two tablespoons into balls and boil in salted water until tender. This will take about 15 minutes.
Vegetable puree soup
Cook until potatoes (2 pieces), carrots and half a small zucchini are fully cooked. Drain the broth into a separate bowl and chop the vegetables until pureed with a blender. Pour the puree with the broth to the desired consistency and bring to a boil. Cook for 3 minutes. Serve hot with a dollop of sour cream in the soup.
Fish pudding
The fish carcass should be divided into two fillets. Boil the first one and pass it through a strainer. Grind the second part in a meat grinder. Combine both masses, put egg yolks, butter, salt. Knead. Divide into portion racks and steam.
Chicken souffle
Grind the boiled chicken in a meat grinder. Add the egg yolks and butter to the minced meat. Mix well. Then gently add the whipped egg whites to the fluffy foam. Put the dough in a mold and steam it.
Banana dessert
Dissolve 2 packets of gelatin according to directions. Add 250 ml of plain yogurt. Steam some peeled bananas and peaches. Place aluminum foil on the bottom of the plastic mold. Layer the dessert: cookie crumbs, yogurt cream with jelly, mashed banana and peach. Alternating layers. Put the sweetness in the refrigerator to solidify the gelatin.
Compliance with the principles of dietary nutrition in pancreatitis is a prerequisite for achieving long-term and persistent remission. The menu for patients with pancreatitis in adults and children, with the appropriate approach to development, can be quite varied and fully meet all the needs of the organism.